Extrusion machine



Filed May 2, 1924 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 W. R. CLARK July 1, 1930.

Filed May 2, 1924 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 July 1, 1930. u v W. R. CLARK 1,769,205

EXTRUS I ON MACHINE Filed' May 2I 1924 7 swans-shew 4f `Iuly 1, 1930.

w. R. CLARK EXTRUSTON MACHINE Filed May 2, 1924 '7 Sheets-Shed Julyl, 193o.- W. R. CLARK 1,769,205

EXTRUSTON MACHINE Filed May 2l 1924 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 @2M/W7 www atroz um* July 1, 1930. w. R. CLARK I EXTRUSION MACHINE Filed May 2, 1924 7 Sheets-Shed 7 Patented July 1, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT orElcE WALTER R. CLARK, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T BRIDGEIORT BRASS COMPANY, OE BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT ExTRUsIoN MACHINE COMPANY, 0F BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT This invention relates to metal extruding machines wherein a heated billet of metal in a plastic condition is inserted into a hollow container, having a die at one end provided with an opening or openings, through which the met-al is forced by the action of a power driven ram which enters the other .end of the container and presses against the billet until substantially all of the metal of.

l() the billet has been extruded, in the form of rods or tubes, through the die openings.

In machines of this type the speed at which the extruded rods or tubes are discharged, the uniformity and density of the metal in the extruded rods, as well as the uniformity in'size and surface condition of the same, depend upon the condition affecting the metal of the enclosed billet during the extruding operation, and the handling of the extruded rod directly after extrusion.

It is desirable that the entire extruding operation take place before the billet has lost sufficient heat to affect its plastic condition so that substantially all of the metal of the billet willv be extruded and the extruded rods will be free from flaws, such as cracks, seams and pipe due to cool spots and chilled metal. In order to insure that this result bel obtained, a pre-determined ram speed depending largely upon the amount of metal in the billet, and the size and number ofthe .openings in the die is necessary.

When the die is provided with more than one opening, or when only one opening is provided and this opening is comparatively large, the extruded rod or tube is not discharged at ltoo rapid a speed to prevent the proper guiding of the same away from the die by manually operable means, but undery 4o the same ram speed when the extruded rods or tubes are of comparatively small diam eter, the rapidity of the discharge is much greater, causing considerable dificulty in guiding and carrying the same away from the die. It is especially vdesirable when exf truding rods of a diameter approaching the diameter of heavy wire, that the same be carefully handled immediately after extrusion. This wire'or small diameter rod is in 69 2, more or less semi-plastic condition as it emerges from the die and, therefore, is easily stretched, buckled, twisted, or otherwise marred or distorted. Pulling or interfering with the discharge by. `blocking the movement in any Way will cause this portion of the wire to be reduced in diametertruded, being wavy and not' particularly straight and more or lessflexible. It has been found, therefore, desirable to handle this size of rod in heavy coils when moving the -same from one operation to another, such as from pick/ling to they rolling or sizing machines and from there to the straightening machines. l

lThe principal object of my invention, therefore, is to provide anextrusion machine which is adapted to extrude metal through dies having a small opening or openings, at such a speed/that substantially all the metal contained in the heated billet is formed into ay rod, rods or tubes of small diameter before the billet loses its heat sufficiently to allow the billet to cool and solidify enough tot interfere with the physical makeup O f the extruded rod, etc., and to carrygtheex- .truded rods or rod away from thedie'as rapidly as the same are discharged therefrom.

Another object of this invention is to provide a machine ofthe character which will guide andcarry away from the die the extruded rods or other blanks as the same are extruded, in such a manner that the surface of the rods will not be distorted. I

Another object is to provide a machine 0 this character which will dispose of the extruded rods las the same are extruded, in such a manner that the rods will be wound into coils for convenient handling between subsequentoperations incident to the manufacture of completed rods o r wire,

Another object is td provide,.in extrusion machines of this character, means tocarry away an extruded rodas rapidly as the same is discharged from the die of the machineand to accomplish this result by mechanism that will develop a constant pull upon the rod, regardless of the rapidity of the discharge. ,I

Another object of this invention is`to provide means for winding a rod or Wire, when discharged from an extruding machine of 'this character into a coil Aby the use of mechanism that will develop a constant pull upon Vthe wire or rod of sulicientl, force to keep the same taut as it is discharged from the die, regardless ofthe speed atwhichthe same is discharged.

`of Fig. 3; l

i Fig. 3;

Another object of 'this invention'is to provide means for winding a rod or wire, when discharged from an extruding machine of this character, into a coil by the use of mechanism that will develop a constant pull upon the wire or rod of sufficient force to uniformly stretch the wire or rod as it emerges from the die so as to reduce the diameter thereof substantially uniformly throughoutits length. Y

Still another object of this invention is to generally improve extrusion machines of this character so that the same will properly operate when extruding rods of compara? f' vention Fig.2 is a front viewof the saine;

Fig. 3 is a cross section on rline' 3 3 of Fig. 2\;`

Fig. 4 isa cross section on line 4 4 of Fig. 5 `is'awsection on' line 5 5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a'n enlarged' section on line 6 6 Fig. 6A isa section ,similaito Fi 6, showing op the parts in another position o eration;

. Fig. 7 is a section on line 7 7 0f Fig. 3 andFigjfS; 1 y f Fig. 8 is an end view of the winding mechanism shown/ in Figs. land 2, lookingin they directiolf ofv arrows 8 8of Fig. l,

Fig. 9 is av transverse sectionthrough the die end of an extrusion machine, showing a somewhat modified form of rod cut off;

Fig. 9A is a vertical section of the same lparts .shown in another position of operation;

Fig. 10 is a vertical transverse section on line 10-10 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic layout showing the vconnections of the various electric vdevices used in the form of winding mechanism illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 8;

Fig. 12 is a plan view of an extrusion machine equipped with asomewhat modified form of windlngmechanism-g Y Fig.` 13 is a front view of the same;

Fig. 14 is a section online 14-14 of` Fig. 12, 4showing a side view ofthe winding mechanism;

Fig. 15 is a section on line 15- 15 of Fig. l2, showing aside view of other portions of the winding mechanism;

Fig. 1G is a plan view of still another form of winding mechanism adapted for use with an extrusion machine ter; f Fig. 17 is a .side view of the same;

Fig. 18 is a plan veiw of another modified form of Winder; L

Fig. v19 is an end view of thewinding mechanism, shown in Fig. 18; l

Fig. 2O is a section on line 20 20 of Fig. 18, and, i Fig. 21 'shows -a reducing device or die adapted for interposition between the extruof this lcharac` reduction of the rod or other extruded product. f I i The extruding mechanism shown lin the accompanying drawings as an example of an appropriate form for carrying'out the invention,` comprises a `power driven ram 'sion die and the Winder for eeeting further mechanism A, and, a 'stationary billet con-4 tainerjand die supporting unit Bprovidedv with extruded -rod severing means B i The ram driving mechanism consistsof a" frame 20, to which is suitably secured a cylinder 21 in which a piston 22 is operated, usually by hydraulic pressure, to reciprocate a crosshead 23. The'crosshead 23 is'mounted to slide upon tie rods 24, 25 and 26, which serve to guide and support the crosshead as well as to tie the frame 20 to a correspond-A ing frame member 40 of the die supporting unit B. Facilities for retaining a ram 2,7 are provided upon the crosshead at 28. The piston 22 is directly operated' by pressure only on the working stroke of the rain, the

` iiuid pressure being released at the return stroke by the manipulation of suitable valve controls (not shown), which connect the inlet and outlet port 29 with an exhaust. On. another working stroke, pressure fis applied by a reverse action of the centi-els allowing fluid under pressure to enter through port 29 `into the cylinder 21, and Vto operate against the piston 22, forcing the crosshead 23, and therefore the ram 27 forward. To return 'the crosshead and ram after a completed working stroke, al pair of high pressure cylinders 30 and 31 is provided one on either consequently the crosshead and ram, into the proper position for another'working stroke.

sually the return stroke, due to the high pressure used, is Imore rapid than the working stroke.

vThe stationary billet container and die supi porting unit B comprises the frame member 40, to aft-face lof which is secured a billet.

container `I l, and a die holder 47 The billet containe '.'41 is provided with lateral extensions 42 and 43, whichrest upon the tie rods and 26 and support the container thereon.

' The billetl container consists of an outer casing in which is mounted a removable cylinder 44,- having a bore 45 therethrough. As shown in the drawings, the cylinder 44 is lined with a sleeve member 39, usually ofl steel. The bore 45 of the billet .container is indirect alignment with the 'ram 27. The

frame member 40 is provided with an opening 46 in which the die holder 47 is slidably mounted. The die holder 47 has a forward portion 48,'adapted to hold a die 49 in abutment with the container cylinder 44 in suchA a manner that the bore 445 is closed thereby. As shown in the drawings the die 49 is provided with only one opening 50, but obviously morethan one may be provided if desired. The forward portion '-48 of the .die holder 47 isprovided with a hardened steel bushing 51, having a tapered opening 52 therethrough forming a shearing edge 53 at the rear end thereof, for a purpose to be hereinafter described. This forward portion'48 is connected to areai/ portion 54 by means of a tubular member 55, which is out awa at 56 fora purpose to be described hereina er. The rear portion 54 is slidable ina continuation 57 of the opening 46.

VThe frame member 40 is also yprovided with a cored out opening 58 which divides the frame into two portions 59 and 60, through which the openings 46 and 57 respectively extend, the inner end of the portion 60 being preferably reinforced'by a steel bushing 61. A suitable mechanism, such as i a cylinder 62 in which a piston having a piston rod 63 is operated'byl fluid pressure or the like, is vprovided for moving the die holder. The piston rod 63 'ispconnected to the rear portion 54 ofthe -die holder andv :when reciprocatedby movement ofthe piston in the cylinder 62 either withdraws the complete die holder and die away from the container or forces the same -toward the container. l

Located between the forward portion 48 of the die holder and the steel bushing 61 is a die backing block 64, operatively connected .by rods 65 and 66 and a cross-bar 67 to the with a beveled edge 71 so as to present a cutting edge which will co-operate with the hardenedVV steel bushing 51 to sever the extruded rod when the die backing block 64 is raised, by action of the piston 68 to release the die holder, the cut away portion 56 of the tubular member 55 being located to avoid interference with the side vextensions of this tool. In order to close the opening between the frame portions 59 and 60 and to provide an uninterrupted bearing for the die holder in its sliding movements, a bearing' member is provided beneath the same, as at 72.

lThe operation of the combined mechanisms so far described, is as follows: y

vA'billet of metal heated sufliciently to be in a plasticcondition, is inserted into the billet container, when the parts of the mae chinefare in the positionshown in Fig. 3 Fluid pressure is then applied to the cylinder ,21, which forces the piston 22 and therefore the ram 27 againstthev end of the 105 billet. Extrusion of a rod D throughth'e opening in the die starts at this time, the 'extruded rod flowing through the tapered opening in the hardened steel bushing 51,

the extruded rod at thejuneture between the ledge 71 of the lsevering tool 70 and the hardened bushing 51, the remaining stump 73 of the billet, with a vsmall portion of the rod bein left in the machine. Fluid pressure. is t ven applied to the piston 62 which draws the die holder away from the container vas in Fig. 6A. By further move-- ment ofthe ram at this time, the stump 73 .isforced from the container and drops out of the machine. The die holder is then vzo of a die backing block 64 having portionscut away as at 110 and 111, the opening 111 being merely a clearance opening for the die holder retracting rod 112, which may be operated by a piston similar to the one controlled within cylinder 62. The opening 110, however, is provided to allow a rod cut'oE die 113 to pass'upwardly therethrough into proper position so that the opening 114 therein aligns with the opening 50 of the extruding die 49. A hardened steel ring 115 may be provided in the cut off die ifV desired. A piston rod 116 is connected to the cut 0E die 113 and is operated upon by means of a piston (not shown), reciprocable in a` cylinder 177. The die backing block 64- is raised by-similar means, as previously described regarding the backing block 64, comprising a piston operated crosshead 67 having rods 65 and 66 connecting the same with the block 64. The cut olf die 113 is drawn downwardly after the cxtrusion operation is completed, which motion cuts off the extruded 'rod leaving a short portion attached to the stump 73, as shown in Fig. 9A. The backing block is then -raised andthe die drawn rearwardly as above described regarding the preferred form, and as shown in Fig. 9A.

Although the preferred cut off mechanism illustrated in Figs. 6, 6A and 7 and the modified form shown in Figs. 9, 9A and ,10 are of such construction that they are adapted for rapid operation in order that the rod beingextruded will not 'be retarded so as to interfere with the proper operation of the winding mechanism, which continues to operate to coil up all of the extruded rod rafter the` same is cut from thc stump, the preferred form is arranged to sever the rod simultaneously with the raising of the die backing block 64, and the modified form is arranged to cut of in advance of such movement. The pistons and cylinders controlling both mechanisms are operated by fluid under high pressure to cause a rapid movement thereof, and the cutting edges of the severing tools are located in close rela- Vtion t'o the rod so that only a comparatively' ,small amountI of travel is needed to shear' the rod. i

As previously pointed out, if the extruded '5.5 rod is allowed to move away from the machinel without being properly controlled, various conditions may arise causing distortion of the same.- It is desirable, therefore, especially when rods of small diameter are to be extruded, to provide means whereby the rod or rods will be controlled in the movement away from the die and that this means be capable of eiiicient action regardless ofthe rapidity of such discharge. This means must be. adapted to act upon the ex- 75 truded rod to effect a constant and uniform pull away from the die sufficiently strong to take up any possible slack that might develop. A

The winding. mechanism shown at C, Figs. 1, -2 and 8, illustrates one form of mechanism that will accomplish the objects above noted as desirable in order to lproperly control the extruded rod direct-ly after the extruding operation, and consists of a disk- 85 like rotatable table 75,' mounted upon a standard 76 to rotate within an opening 77 formed ina stationary table 78. The rotatable table is provided with two rows of rod engaging pins arranged in parallel circles and extending upwardly from the table, 79 designating the short outer ones and 80 the long inner ones. A guide 81 having a V-shaped groove 82'therein, extends 4 from a suitable location adjacent the discharge end of the extruding' machine and is supported upon the table 78 in any suitable manner,'.such as by posts 83. The rotatable table 75 is secured to a plate 84 which is operatively connected to a bevel gear 85 by a vertical shaft 86. A shunt wound variable speed electric motor 87, having a bevel gear 88 secured upon the armature shaft, is located in proper position to allow operativey engagement ofthe gears 85 andA 88. The extruded lrod D will be guided by the grooved guide 81 toward the pins 79 and 80 which, by being rotated by the motor 87 will engage the extrudedl rod and Wind the same into a coil, after which itmay be removed as a coil and easily carried to other machines where subsequent operations are performed, such as annealing, l rolling, straightening, etc.

The motor 87 is positively and automati- 115 cally controlled so that it constantly creates a uniformfpull upon the -extruded rod regardless of tlie'rapidity of discharge of the same from the die. In the particular form shown, certain motor control devices are 'mounted upon a panel `board 89 whlch 1s located in a convenient place as illustrated n Fig. 2. In Fig. 11 the'connections between the various appliances are diagrammatically shown. The motor control devices 1,25 .may consist of a knife blade main switch 90, a. group of motor starting relays 91, a field rheostat 92,- a field rheostat relay 93, and a variable resistance 94, the-latter having a controlling switch 95. Referring to tor 87. The field rheostat relay 93 comprises y be compensated for by the action of the field rheostat relay 93. For instance, an over,-v

a solenoid 100 which is'in series with the armature circuit and which actuates` a plunger switch 101 controlling a circuit 102,

which short circuits the field rheostat 92. The variable resistance 94 is arranged to act as a shunt circuit around the solenoid 100 and therefore acts as a variable control for the operationy of the plunger switch 101. l

` The field rheostat 92 is set to control the field 99 so that the motor 87 will develop a predetermined torque and act upon theA Winder to maintain a constant pull upon the extruded rod of 4predetermined strength'.

Fluctuations in the load will automatically load will tend to cause the armature to slow down which will increase the flow of 'current in the armature circuit. The relay 93, by means of the variable resistance 94 is set to be inoperative under certain cur.

rent strength but operative whenever an.

increase in this current occurs. Thus, the action ofthe armature' slowing down under overload will operate the relay 93, .whereby the 'plunger switch 101 will be raised to close the circuit 102. This will give a full current strength to the field 99 whereby the motor immediately tends to reduce inspeed, which will cause a decrease in the current flowing through the armature. The reduction of' current in the armature causes a reverse action to takelplace, reinserting the rheostat 92 into the motor field circuit. In practice the relay 93 is constantlyworking to maintain a constant motor torque. During the iir'st part of the extruding o eration the motor speed is relativelyaster than at the latter part of the extruding operation when the load or pull, due to the slowing up of the movement of the extruded rod as the billet temperature drops, increases, but as is obvious from' the above description the appliances compensate f0r this increased load by proportionally reducing the speed of the motor so as to develop a constant torque and maintain a constantl pull upon the extruded rodat all tim'es, regardless of the rapidity of its discharge.

Fi 12 to 1'5, inclusive, illustrate a modified orm of winding device wherein the rotation of the table 75 and the tension exerted upon'the extruded rod is controlled by a speed control device 119, generally known as a hydraulic variable speed gear. The patent to R. Janney, No. 924,787, dated June 15, 1909, fully describes a gear :of this type.

andthe driven shaft 124 of said device is provided with' a bevel gear 125, which meshes with the bevel gear 85, secured upon the shaftv 86, operatively vconnected to the table 75.

As will be noted from the above patent, the variable speed gear 119 is controllable through its interior mechanism so that a constant speed will be produced for the driven shaft 124 by suitable operation of the controlling'shaft 120. This gear, therefore, may be set to develop a certain. speed for its driven shaft which, under ordinary conditions, will be the proper speed to operate the table 75 efiiciently. As the rapidity of discharge for the extruded rod is depend- 'ent upon the speed' of the forward movement of the ram, which at the first part of thestroke is faster than at the finish of the stroke, -it is necessary to provide means for controlling the speed gear 119 to compensate for` this difference in ram speed. The

-mechanism for such speed gear control comthe vertical shaft 136 and is secured thereto at 138. The governor 137 through-the slidably vmounted collar 139 operates a bell crank 140, pivoted at 141 to a standard 142,'y l

by being connected to the arm 143 at 144.

The other arm 145 of the Ybell crank operates, through a link 146, a sliding rack 147 mounted in a guidebracket l148. The rack 147 is in `driving engagement with the spur gear 121 which operates .the variable speed gear controlling shaft`120. v

The voperation of this form of control will now be described. The speed `of the driven shaft 124 of the variable speed gear 119 as noted above, depends upon thesetting of the control' shaft 120.- Any variation desired from the originalsetting may be caused'by a change in the setting of the control shaft 120 which, if rotated in one direction will cause a gradual increase'in speed andwill likewise cause a decrease in speed when rotated in the other direction. The governor 137 being controlled directly by the speed of the ram 27 during its forward operating movement, through connection with the crosshead 23, operates either faster or slower, as the conditions of extrusion change, which, due to the operation of the governor 137, will raise or lower the collar 139 and therefore rock the bell crank 140, which by means of the link 146 shifts'the rack 147 and rotates the control gear 121 in the required direction. In this manner the speed of the table is controlled in proper relation to the extruding movement of 'the ram, and therefore the Winder Will windv up the extruded rod into a coil as rapidly as the same is dischar ed.

The modification o -the winding device illustrated in Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 ,comprises an electric motor 150, provided with a'gear 151 upon its'armature shaft. The gear 151 is in mesh with a gear 152, secured upon a horizontal shaft 153, suitabl supported in a frame member 154. A riction driving wheel 155 is slidably keyed upon the shaft 153 and urged toward the periphery of a friction driven wheel 156, which is secured to thc shaft 86 carrying the table 75, by means of a spring 157. The spring 157 abuts the driving wheel 155 at one end and is-in abutment wlth a tension regulating collar 158 at the other end. The collar 158 is in threaded engagement with a threaded portion 159 of the shaft 153 and by being rotated thereon either increases or decreases the tension upon the spring 157, and therefore the friction between the friction wheels 155 and 156. Anv adjustable driving control is thus provided for the table 75, the

friction wheels slipping in case the pull upon the extruded rod becomes in excess of the desired amount, as controlled by the setting Y of the tension regulating collar 158.

As will be obvious from the above descriptionof thevarious forms of winding mech'- anism illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 8, and 12 to 17, inclusive, these devices are not providedwith means to positively grip the wire or rod as itemerges from the die after being extruded therefrom. Thus, there is a possibility of the wire or rod slipping slightly should these devices beset or adjusted so as to create an appreciably greater pull than is v necessary to accomplish `the result contemplated of rapidly carrying away the wire or rod from the die by taking up the slack and keeping the same taut while winding the same into a coil. The device illustrated in Figs. 18 to 20, inclusive, however, includes such a positive gripping feature and by using such a mechanism the wire orl rod may be uniformly stretched in an effective manner,- after leaving the die, and before being wound? into a `coil, and inasmuch as means vis lprovided to positively grip the wire or rod added power may applied without the possibility that uneven reduction of diameter will take place due to possible slippage. This device also is capable of more evenly retaining the individual coils of wire or rod upon its periphery thereby avoiding any possible surface distortion.

The device illustrated inFigs. 18 to 20, inclusive, consists of a motor driven drum 165, mounted upon a shaft 166 which is rotatable in a standard 167. The shaft 166 is connected to the driven side 168 of a friction clutch 169 which is operated through suitable belt and pulley connections 170 by a motor 171. The clutch 169 is preferably regulable so that any predetermined pull may be developed bythe drum 165 when it is operablyl connected to the motor 171.l

The drum may be ofaconstruction as described in Patent No. 812,709 i-ssued to W.

'its periphery. These -surfaces are in c ose enough proximity to the internal periphery 176 of the sleeve 172, so that when a wire or rod is inserted through the opening 173 it will be firmly gripped therebetween. This action will cause the sleeve 172 to be operatively connected to the shaft 166 whereby the wire or rod will be wound thereon into a coil. 'The remaining portion 177 of the drum, 165 is a continuation of the sleeve 172, though not connected thereto, in order to provide the required amount of surface necessary for the amount of wire to be wound thereon. The additional portion 177 is keyed to the shaft 166, rotating therewith and assists the gripping means in its action of holding the wire by means of friction caused by the wound up wire or rod thereon. This portion is slightly tapered to facilitate the removal of the coil therefrom.

With the. exception as noted above, the operation of this device is similar to the above previously described forms of Winder. The extruded rod or wire is fed to the drum 165 and an end thereof is inserted through the opening 173 in the sleeve 172 where it is gripped as above described and subsequentl wound into a coil. By adjusting the clutc 169 so that a predetermined amount of pull upon the wire or rod will be obtained, the wire or rod will be stretched after it leaves the die and before it is wound into a coil.

It is obvious, therefore, that with an of the above adjustable controls describe .in connection with the other forms of winders,

this particular device will be accurately controlled and also develop a constant and uniform pull. In a machine of the character, as above described, including in` its structure devices that control the speed of a winding mechanism in conjunction with the speed of the extrusion ram and in which the redliction in diameter between the billet and the rod is caused by the combination of theextruding action, and a subsequent stretching of the rod between the extrusion die and the winding mechanism, it has been found that the final diameter of the rod is in direct prolportion to the diameter of the unextruded billet in accordance with the speed ratio between the winding mechanism and the extrusion ram. This feature is particularly advantageous inasmuch'a-s the operator may readily determine the proper setting for the controlling device directly from the known factorszof ram speed, billet diameter and the finally required diameter of the rod, so that the winding mechanism will be operated at the proper speedjand develop the necessary pull to obtain a rod of the predetermined diameter.

A mechanism such as last described, when uniform throughout the length of wire orA rod, with the exception of a small and negligible section closely adjacent the Winder which had cooled beyond thepoint where stretching could take place.

Fig. 21 illustrates another method of accomplishing the same result, that is, of further reducing the diameter of the extruded rod or wire after it has been' discharged from the extrusion die.l A similar form of Winder to that shown in Figs. 18 to 20is used to create a constant and uniform pull upon the wire orrod, which Winder is like-` wise provided with positive gripping means. However, in this arrangement, no appreciable stretching takes place but the wire or rod is reduced in diameter by being drawn through another die or between rolls while still ina more or less semi-plastic condition and before it is wound into a coil. The device for effecting such reduction in diameterv is mounted between the extrusion die and the winder. A reducing die for this purpose is shown at 1,80 in Fig. 21, the rod 181 as it is discharged from the 'extrusion die being fed into one side of the die and drawn through the same by the action of the winding drum 165. As' thewire or rod emerges from* this reducing mechanism, it will be wound upon the drum 165 into a coil as above described. In many cases, a reduction in the cost of manufacture ofsmall diameter rod or wire results from 4the use of such diameter-reducing means and methods,which bination with automatic ,power-operated means in line with the discharge of said extruding means to grasp and carry away the rod as the same is discharged from the exy truding means.'

2. In a machine of the character described, means to extrude a rod from a billet, in combination with automatic power-driven means in line with the discharge of said extruding means, self-acting to seize and pull upon and collect the rod as the rod is being extruded.

3. In an extrusion machine, the combination with extruding means including a billet container havin@ a die, and a ram to cooperate with said container, of automatic-means in alinement with the die to engage the end.l of the rod being extruded out of said die and to move the rod portion issuing from the die rectilinearly away from the die asfast as said rod is being extruded, power ,means for operating saidlast-mentioned means, and controlling means for` v said power means whereby the speed of movement of said rod engaging and moving meansis varied.

4. n a machine of the character described,

means to extrude a rodl from a billet, in combination with t-automatic power operated,4

means in line with the discharge of said extruding means to grasp and move the extruded rod portionv issuing from the discharge rectilinearly away from the discharge end of the extruding means as fast as the rod is extruded.

5. In a machine of the character described, means to extrude a rod from a billet, in combination with power operated collecting means to engage the rod and move the extruded rod portion issuing from the extruding'means away from the discharge end of the extruding means as the rod is being extruded, and a speed controlling device for said collecting means automatically controlled by the. extruding speed.

6. In a machine of the character described, means to extrude, a rod from a billet, in combination withatomatically operable. means to grip and move thefrod rectilinearly away from the discharge end of the' extruding means as the same is being extruded therefrom, and means yfor guiding the rod tosaid gripping and moving means.

7. Ina machine of the character described,

bination with automatic power driven means alined with the discharge of said extruding means to wind the'rod into a coil as the same is discharged from the first means, said last means including in its structure a rotatable disk-like member-adapted to seize the rod' as it is extruded.

8. In a machine of the character described, means to extrude a rod' from a billet, in combination with 'power drivenv means to grippingly engage and wind the rod into a coil as the same is extruded from the extruding means and controlling means for said `power driven winding means whereby the speed of winding is proportional to the extruding speed of the rod.

' 9. In a machine of the character described, means to extrude a rod from a billet, in

combination with power driven means, to

wind the rod in an untwisted condition into a coil as the same is discharged from the extruding means, and means controlled by the extruding speed ofthe rod to vary the winding speed of said winding means.

10. In a machineA of the characterY described, means to extrude a rod from a billet, in combination with power actuated means controllable by and alined with the discharge of said extruding means to wind the rod in an untwisted condition into a coil as the same is discharged therefrom.

11. In a metal extruding machine, adapt- -ed to extrude a rod from a billet, a rotating mechanism `for gripping the rod automatically as it is extruded, and winding the same into a coil, and controlling means for said mechanism whereby a constant and uniform pull is maintained thereby upon the rod.

12. In a metal extruding machine, mechanism adapted to extrude a rod of comparatively small diameter from a billet of comparatively large diameter, mechanism forengaging the rod as it is extruded and winding the same into a coil, and means to control the action of said 'engaging and winding mechanismv by the action of said extruding mechanism. y

13. Ina metal extruding machine having means to extrude the metal contained in a billet through an opening in a die, automatic means to grip the extruded rod and to wind the same into a coil while maintain--v engage and wind the extruded rod into a coil, means to guide the extruded rod toward said winding means, and means to cut the entire extruded rod into a coil.

16. In a metal extruding machine, means to extrude a rod from a billet, means to engage and wind the rod while being extruded into a coil, means to guide the extruded rod toward said winding means, and means providing for the severance of the extruded rod from the' remainder of the billet when the' extrusion operation is completed, said engaging and -winding means being adapted to produce a uniform pull upon the rod during the extruding operation.

17. In combination with an extrusion machine, having means to' extrudea rod from abillet, a winding mechanism for winding the extruded rod into a coil, said winding mechanism being constructed to vary in `speed while lmaintaining a constant pull upon the rod as it is being extruded.

18. In an extrusion machine, extruding i means operating upon a billet to force the material thereof through the opening in a die whereby a rod of comparatively small diameter is extruded, means to engage and wind into a coil the extruded rod as rapidly as the same is discharged from the die, said winding means being controlled by said extruding means to cause a uniform pull to be exerted upon the rod as it is being extruded. v

19. In an extrusion machine, extruding means operatin upon a billet to force the material thereo through the opening in a die whereby a rodof comparatively small diameter is extruded, means to engage and wind into a coil the extruded rod as rapidly as the same is discharged from 4the die, said winding means being controlled by said extruding means to cause a uniform pull to be exerted upon the rod as it is being extruded, and means to clut olf the extruded rod from the remaining stump of the billet after the extrusion operation' is completed and while the winding means is in operation.

20. An extrusion fmachine comprising means to receive-a billet of metal, means to force the metal of said billet through the opening in a die to form a rod, means to engage and wind the rod as it is extruded into a coil, said winding means being'automatically operable to maintain a constant and uniform pull upon rod while the same is being extruded.

21. An extrusion machine comprising means to receive a billet of metal, means to force the metal of said billet-through the opening in a die tol form a rod, means to engage and wind the rod as it is extruded into a coil, said winding means automatically 4movable relatively to said billet container whereby the materiall in the billet is extruded through` the opening in said die, a ver# tically movable block for-retaining the die in position, and means movable'with said block across the path' of the extruded mateial to sever the same at a point beyond the 23. In an extrusion machine, a movable ram, a billet container, adie holder, a die -in said die holder having an opening therein,

said die holder being adapted to carry the die toward and away from an end of said billet container, a backing block vertically movable into and out of position whereby said die holder is forced toward said container to retain said die against the end thereof,'means to move said ram against a Vto move said die holder caused to close one end of the bore in said billet of metal within said container to cause the material thereof to be extruded through the'opening in said die, and rodsevering means connected to said backing block kto sever an extruded rod from said billet when the backing block is vertically moved in one direction to release said die from engagement with said container.

24:. In an extrusion machine, a billet container having a bore, a ram adapted to enter the bore in said billet container, one o said parts being movable relatively to the other, a movable die holder provided with adie having an opening therethroughfmeans billet container, vertically movable I means to lock said die in container bore closing position, a member having a cutting edge provided'in said die holder, means having a cut- .tin edge and connected to and movable with sai die locking lmeans to cooperate with said member to shear the extruded product `simultaneously with'the movement of said locking means iii die releasing direction, and means to cause relative movement between said ram and-said vcontainer' to force said ram against a billetl of metal in said` container whereby the material thereof is extruded through the opening in said die and between said cutting edges. l

25'. In combination'with an extrusion machine provided with amovablc ram, a b illet container, a diev at one end of said container,

means to ,operate said ram to act upon a billet ofimetal within said containerto force the metal thereof through a die to 'form a whereby said' die is means to sever the extruded rod when the required amount has been extruded, and means to collect and wind 'the extruded rod -in its entirety into a coil as the same is being extruded and after it has been severed.

26. In an extrusion machine, a movable ram, a billet container, a' die atone end of said container, means to operatesaid ram to act upon abillet of metal within said container to yforce the metal '.-thereof through said die to forni a rod, and means to seize andto wind the extruded rod into a coil during the extruding operation.

'27. vIn an extrusion machine, ar movable ram, a billet container, adie at one end of said container, means to operate said ram to act upon a billet of metal within said con'- tainer to force the metal thereof through lsaid die to form a rod, means to wind the extruded rod into a coil, said ram operating winding means comprising a'rotatable rod engaging mechanism operated by a variable speed electric motor, and controlling means for said motor comprisingan automatically operated eld rheostat short circuiting device.

29. In a fsaid motor for causing said field rheostat short circuiting means-to be operably inserted in the field circuit of said motor;

30. In a machine of the character described, means to extrude a rod from a billet field rheostat short oircuiting machine of the character de-` f scribed, means to extrude a rod from in combination with means to wind the exv truded rod into a coil as the saine is discharged from the extruding means, said winding means coinprisinga rotatable rod engaging mechanism operated. by; an electric motor, control means for said-'motor c omprising a field rheostat short vcircuiting means, means controlled'by the amount of current in the armature of said motorfor causingsaid field rheostat short circuiting means to be operablyinserted in the field circuit ofsaid motor, and means for'A varyl ing the action of the current said arma-` n, the'extrudedv rod is reduced in diameter after being extruded and before A 32. Inv a machine of the character described, means to extrude a rod `from a billet in combination with means to wind the extrudedrod into a boil -as the same is dischar ed from the extruding means, said' wm means comprising a power operated rotatab e rod engaging mechanism, and` rod diameter reducing means intermediate the extruding means and the rod vengaging mechanism, through 'which the rod passes vbefore 'being engaged by Vsaid engaging mechanism. c In a machine of the character de- I w scribedmeans to extrude al rod from a billet `in com ination with means to Vwind the extruded rodintol a coil as the same is discharged from. the extruding means said winding means comprising "a rotatable rod engaging mechanism, and means for reducing the diameter of the extruded rod disposed intermediate the extruding means and 'the engaging means, and power 'driven I means for operating said rod e a means to cause the same to draw thenegxtgiln ed rod throughthe rod reducing means as rapidl as the rod is extruded.

' 34. he method of producing a comparabillet of com arativel large diameter, which consists of orcing the metal contained in said billet through an o enin in a suitable `die structure, selzing t e ro as the same emerges from the lopening and winding the same into a coil while mamtaining a tension thereon. 1

' 35. The method of producing a comparatively small diameter rod `froma heated billet of comparatively large diameter, which consists of forcing the metal contained in said billet through an openin 4in a suitable die structure, engaging the ro as.

the same emerges from the opemng, winding the same intola coilI while stretching the extruded rod to cause a uniform-reduction in diameter.

36. The method of producing a compara- I tively small diameter rodjfrom a billet'of tively small diameter rod from a heated'v comparatively -largefdiameten which con sists of :forcingithe' metal containedinjsaid-- billet an opening in a suitable die structure, engaging the extruded rod as the same emerges from the opening, drawing the rod through a reducin die'while the rod is being extruded and t en winding the same` into a coil'while maintaining a tension 37. The method of producing a comparatively small diameter rod from a billet of comparatively large diameter, which consistsof forcing the metal contained in said billet through an opening in a suitable die structure, enga ng the extruded rod as the.

same emerges rom the opening applyin suicient pull upon the extruded to formly stretch the same and thereby reduce its diilameter, and then winding the same into a co .IA

38. In a Vmachine ofthe character described, extrudingmeans, winding means,

and control means adaptedto pull upon the extruded product for the winding means.

operated by the extruding means.

39. In a machine ofthe character means for extrudi Va metal billet,

`de- A and automatically controlle pulling means for winding the extrudedproduct in sonance with the extruding speed.

40. In a machine of the character described, extruding means,"winding means, and controlling means connecting Isaid two means to produce a constant torque.

41. In a machine of :the character described, extruding means, winding means,

and controlling means connecting said twoy means to produce a constant torque as the. extruding speed varies.

scribed, billet extruding means means for winding the extruded blank, and a control device for the winding means, conected with and operated by a movable part of the extruding means.

43. In a machine of the characterdescribed, billet extruding means, pulling means for winding the extruded blank, and

a control device for the winding means, con.

nected 'with and operated by a movable part of .the extrudingmeans, said control device constructed to vary the winding speed automatically in the extruding speed.-

44. In'` an organized machine -of the character described, the combination of means to extrudeV a'billet into van attenuated blank, and means for seizing and collecting the so as tocompensate for changes` 42. In a machine of the character v dei pulhngi blank from the extruding means andeifectl ing a further reductionv vin the diameter l thereof.

45. -In an organized machine 'of the character described, the combination of means 'to extrude a billet into an attenuated blank,

and means for receiving the blank from the extruding means'and stretching theblank to effect a further reduction in the diameter thereof. 46. Ina machine of the character described, the combination of means to extrude a billet into an attenuated. blank, and means for receiving the blank from the extruding means and uniformly stretching the blank to further and uniformly reduce the diameter over the length thereof. 47. In -a machine of the character described, billet extruding means whereby the roduct is smaller in diameter than the bilet, automatically operating means for'winding the extrudedproduct as it is discharged from said'iirst means, and means operating to further reduce the diameter of said product after it leaves the extruding die, said movement of the same is proportional to the flow of the metal being extruded. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 29 day of April, 1924. Y

' l WALTER R. CLARK.

last named meansincluding a reducing device interposed between the winding means and the extruding die.

48. In an extrusion machine, means -to extrude a rod from the billet, including la die through which the rod is extruded, and means to support said'die in operative position, said means vertically movable to die releasing position and provided with means to sever the extruded rod from the unextruded billet.

49. In an extrusion machine, means to extrude a rod vfrom a' billet, including a die through which the rod is extruded, and vertically movable means to support the die in operative position during the extrusion operation, said die supporting means being provided with means to sever the extruded rod from the unextruded remainder of said billet, said severing means operating when said supporting means is moved to a. die releasing position.

50.` In 'a machine of the 'character described, means to produce an attenuated blank of a required diameter from a billet of known diameter, said means including avmovable ram having a known velocity during "the extruding operation, and a die through which the billet is extruded,'means for engaging theblank as it is extruded and to draw the same away from said die,

and means controlling said rod engaging and carrying away means so that ythe speed of the carrying away means is proportional to the ram speed in accordance with the ratio vbetween the billet diameter and the required diameter of the blank.

51. In a machine of the character described, means to form an attenuated rod of uniform density and diameter from a semimolten billet of metal, comprising a billet container, a ram'adapted to force the metal of the billet out of said .container and through an opening in a die, means to pull the extruded rod away Afrom the die, and means controlled by the ram operatively G5 connected to the pulling means whereby the e crnrmcam' or connection; f'

VPat/mt No. 1,169,205; Gmted'Juiy-i, 1930, u 'Y l WALTER R.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the' above numbered patent requiring correction'ais` follows;l Page 1, line 89, for the article "the" read "this";- page 8, line 112, claim 19, for the misspelledword "elut" read "cut"; page 9, line 4, claim 21, strikeontthe words "being control1ed"; page -10, lines 86 and'87, claim 38,` strike out the words "adapted to pull upon the extrudedvprodnct" and insert the same to 'follow after the word "means" second occurrence, line 85; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read with these corrections therein that the same may. conform to the' record" ofl the case in the Patent Office.

Sgned andsealed this 5th day of August, A. D. 1930.-

, y wm. A. Kimm. (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

